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This film is for first-timers or those needing to step right back to understand comparing fractions. I am only considering fractions with a common denominato. Wisconsin Events. Experience fun, adventure, art and inspiration at any of the thousands of festivals and events held around Wisconsin. Find an event near you from music to races, craft fairs to outdoor fests. 3- to 4-Year-Old Development: Language Milestones. If your child is not very talkative, that will likely change soon. Between or at ages 3 and 4, your child should be able to: Say his or her name. 3/4 = 0.75 6/8 = 0.75 Then, we compare the two decimal numbers to get the answer. 0.75 is equal to 0.75. Therefore, 3/4 is not greater than 6/8 and the answer to the question 'Is 3/4 greater than 6/8?' Which means that this equation is also true: 3/4 = 6/8.

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4. Setting a Godly Example
(1 Timothy 4:1-16)

by Dr. Ralph F. Wilson
Audio 28:54

James J. Tissot (1836-1902, French artist and illustrator), 'David Praying in the Night,' OT watercolour series. Jewish Museum, New York.

¹ TheSpirit clearly says that in later times some will abandon the faith and followdeceiving spirits and things taught by demons. ² Such teachings comethrough hypocritical liars, whose consciences have been seared as with a hotiron. ³ They forbid people to marry and order them to abstain fromcertain foods, which God created to be received with thanksgiving by those whobelieve and who know the truth. ⁴ For everything God created isgood, and nothing is to be rejected if it is received with thanksgiving, ⁵because it is consecrated by the word of God and prayer.

⁶ Ifyou point these things out to the brothers, you will be a good minister ofChrist Jesus, brought up in the truths of the faith and of the good teachingthat you have followed. ⁷ Have nothing to do with godless myths andold wives' tales; rather, train yourself to be godly. ⁸ For physicaltraining is of some value, but godliness has value for all things, holdingpromise for both the present life and the life to come.

⁹ Thisis a trustworthy saying thatdeserves full acceptance ¹⁰ (and for this we labor and strive), thatwe have put our hope in the living God, who is the Savior of all men, andespecially of those who believe.

¹¹ Commandand teach these things. ¹² Don't let anyone look down on you becauseyou are young, but set an example for the believers in speech, in life, inlove, in faith and in purity. ¹³ Until I come, devote yourself tothe public reading of Scripture, to preaching and to teaching. ¹⁴ Donot neglect your gift, which was given you through a prophetic message when thebody of elders laid their hands on you.

¹⁵ Bediligent in these matters; give yourself wholly to them, so that everyone maysee your progress. ¹⁶ Watch your life and doctrine closely.Persevere in them, because if you do, you will save both yourself and yourhearers. (1 Timothy 4:1-16)

One of the strong themes of the Pastoral Epistles, godlinessand godly living, finds its center in this passage. The false teachers inEphesus tended to be legalistic, focused on observance of an external law.

Jesus had a similar conflict with the Pharisees of his time,who sought godliness through legalism. If they kept all the points of the law,they reasoned, they would be truly righteous people. The problem is that theywere outwardly righteous, but inwardly corrupt.

The theme of this chapter is the same: outward righteousnessvs. inner godliness.

Apostasy Foretold (4:1-2)

Paul begins this section by exposing the corrupt inner coreof the false teachers:

'¹ The Spiritclearly says that in later times some will abandon the faith andfollow deceiving spirits and things taught by demons. ² Suchteachings come through hypocritical liars, whose consciences have been searedas with a hot iron.' (4:1-2)

This phrase 'The Spirit says....' is aninteresting one. We see this phrase several times in the New Testament as: (1) acontemporary prophetic utterance (Acts 21:11; 1 Corinthians 12:3), (2) a wordof guidance spoken to an individual (Acts 8:29; 10:19), (3) referring to theScripture (Acts 1:16; 28:25; Hebrews 3:7; 10:15, 19), and (4) as a phrase inthe Letters to the Seven Churches of Revelation repeated to each church(Revelation 2-3; 14:13). Here it may refer to Jesus' prediction or to a word ofprophecy spoken through a prophet in one of the congregations with which Paulwas associated.

'Abandon' (NIV), 'renounce'(NRSV), 'depart from' (KJV), is aphistēmi, 'todistance oneself from some person or thing,' here, 'go away,withdraw.'¹⁷⁶The verb is used by Jesus in the Parable of the Sower (Luke 8:13). The relatednoun is apostasia (from which we get our word 'apostasy'), usedin 2 Thessalonians 2:3 to refer to the coming rebellion to be caused by the 'lawlessone' or antichrist. Jesus himself had foretold this falling away in theLast Days:

'At that time many will turnaway¹⁷⁷from the faith and will betray and hate each other, and many false prophets willappear and deceive many people. Because of the increase of wickedness, the loveof most will grow cold, but he who stands firm to the end will be saved.'(Matthew 24:10-13)

Paul reminds Timothy of this prediction so that he will notbe surprised or overwhelmed by the chaos he sees in the church at Ephesus.

Paul attributes this false teaching to Satan himself. Thefalse teachers, he says, '... follow deceiving spirits and things taughtby demons' (4:1b). Then he condemns the character of the false teachers:

'Such teachings come throughhypocritical liars, whose consciences have been seared as with a hotiron.' (4:2)

'Hypocritical' refers to the false teachers'two-faced and purposeful subversion of the church. Since they have deliberatelyforsaken the truth, their consciences have been injured to the point ofinsensitivity. The word translated 'seared' is kautēriazō,from which we get our word 'cauterize.'¹⁷⁸Perhaps Paul is suggesting that their consciences carry Satan's brand, nowunable to discern truth from falsehood.

Recall the Pharisees of Jesus' day. They saw Jesus performinstantaneous miracles on people they knew. But instead of giving glory to God,Jesus' success prompted them to conspire even more aggressively to kill him.How do you explain this kind of irrational behavior? A seared, desentizedconscience which can no longer recognize truth when stared in the face with it.

Q1. (1 Timothy 4:1-2) Why does Paul remind Timothy (and the church) of predictions concerning widespread apostasy? What effect should this knowledge have on his ministry and the church's perception of the situation? http://www.joyfulheart.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=844

Asceticism and Dietary Regulations vs. Freedom (4:3-5)

As discussed in the Introduction above, thefalse teachers were strongly influenced by the Jewish Law -- but theymisinterpreted it!

'³ They forbid peopleto marry and order them to abstain¹⁷⁹from certain foods, which God created to be received with thanksgiving by thosewho believe and who know the truth. ⁴ For everything God created isgood, and nothing is to be rejected if it is received with thanksgiving, ⁵because it is consecrated by the word of God and prayer.' (4:3-5)

Forbidding marriage seems a strange teaching for Jews.However, it seems to be some kind of asceticism, perhaps a denial of thephysical similar to what Paul had to correct at Corinth (1 Corinthians 7:1-7,25-28).

As to rules about food, Paul had met this kind of legalismmany times before, with Judaizers insisting on circumcision of Christians, scrupulous about keeping a kosher kitchen, and refusing to eat with Gentiles. TheJerusalem Council (Acts 15) had ruled that Gentile Christians were notrequired to follow Jewish dietary laws. But now the false teachers werecommanding the opposite and causing confusion in the church.

In this passage Paul teaches clearly about the essential goodnessof all food. The points of this teaching are:

1. Everything God created is good.
2. Food is made clean for us ('consecrated, sanctified'¹⁸⁰) by our prayer of thanksgiving¹⁸¹ offered before partaking, as was the Jewish custom.
3. Food is also made clean for us by our understanding of the truth -- that is, 'the word of God.'

Paul explains this in Romans 14 as strong faith, fullytaught faith:

'Accept him whose faith is weak,without passing judgment on disputable matters. One man's faith allows him toeat everything, but another man, whose faith is weak, eats only vegetables.'(Romans 14:1-2)

Mark interprets Jesus' own teaching in this way, as well:

'For it doesn't go into hisheart but into his stomach, and then out of his body. (In saying this,Jesus declared all foods 'clean.')' (Mark 7:19)

To the church at Colossae, Paul wrote:

'Why ... do you submit to itsrules: 'Do not handle! Do not taste! Do not touch!'? ... Suchregulations indeed have an appearance of wisdom, with their self-imposedworship, their false humility and their harsh treatment of the body, but theylack any value in restraining sensual indulgence.' (Colossians 2:20-23)

Legalism seems attractive, since it appeals to a sense ofself-righteousness, but it is unable to restrain the inner corrupt person. Onlythe Holy Spirit can create a truly godly person. Now Paul turns to the matterof true godliness.

Q2. (1 Timothy 4:3-5) Why is performance of legalistic requirements so attractive to people? What fruit does it produce in a person's life? In what ways is this emphasis so different from the true gospel? http://www.joyfulheart.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=845

Teach the Truths of the Faith (4:6-7a)

'⁶ If you point thesethings out to the brothers, you will be a good minister of Christ Jesus,brought up in the truths of the faith and of the good teaching that you havefollowed. ⁷ Have nothing to do with godless myths and old wives'tales....' (4:6-7a)

'Point out' (NIV) is better translated 'toprovide instruction, teach.'¹⁸²Teach the Word of God! Paul exhorts Timothy. Instead of letting the falseteachers' doctrine stand unchallenged, teach the truth. That way you will beserving Christ well.¹⁸³The 'truths of the faith' and 'good teaching' (verse 6) arethe antidotes to false teaching.

Paul is disdainful of the false teachers' 'godless¹⁸⁴myths¹⁸⁵and old wives'¹⁸⁶tales.' Have nothing to do with them, ¹⁸⁷he insists. The implication is that instead of trying to expose and refutethese myths and tales on their own terms -- and so generate more exposure,discussion, and controversy -- he is to reject them firmly and focus hisattention on teaching the truth.

Train Yourself in Godliness (4:7b-8)

Physical training is of some value, but training in godliness much more so. Myron (ca. 460-450 BC), 'The Discus Thrower' (Discobolus), found at Hadrian's Villa, Tivoli, now in the British Museum. Larger image.

For Paul, the opposite of the controversies stirred up bythe false teachers is godliness. He uses the athletic analogy¹⁸⁸of 'going to the gym' to make his point:

'... ^7b Rather, trainyourself to be godly. ⁸ For physical training is of some value, butgodliness has value for all things, holding promise for both the present lifeand the life to come.' (4:7b-8)

'Train' (NIV, NRSV) or 'exercise' (KJV)is gymnazō, 'to train, undergo discipline'¹⁸⁹(from which we get our word 'gym' or 'gymnasium'). The rootis gumnos, 'naked.' Greek men used to exercise in the nude.The noun form of the word, gymnasia, 'training' appears inverse 8.

The idea of physical training is to so practice somethingthat you get good at it in two ways. First, your muscles become stronger.Second, you develop muscle memory so that your throwing, for example, becomesaccurate and repeatable.

Physical training may have some value,¹⁹⁰Paul says, but spiritual training, training in godliness, is of value both inthis life and the next.

Excursus on Godliness (eusebeia)

So just what is godliness? First of all,'godliness' is not a synonym for 'boring.' Our culture caricaturesgodliness as boring. But Jesus certainly wasn't boring. His wit is evident, hissense of humor well developed. Paul's life didn't seem boring. Rather godlinessshould be seen as good, clean-living enjoyment of life and of God -- healthy,balanced, God-oriented living.

The word 'godliness' comes from a Greek stem seb-,which meant originally 'to step back from someone or something, tomaintain a distance,' then 'to have awe at something, especiallysomething lofty and sublime.'¹⁹¹This stem is combined with eu- ('abundance, fullness of') toform eusebeia, which means in classical Greek, 'awe, respect for thedivine, for the social order.'

In the New Testament, the word is used in the sense of,'awesome respect accorded to God, devoutness, piety, godliness.'¹⁹²The word group appears in the Pastoral Epistles as a verb, an adjective, and anadverb.¹⁹³Paul also contrasts for us the opposite of godliness (asebeia):'godless, ungodliness, impiety.'¹⁹⁴

Godliness and Ungodliness in the Pastoral Epistles

Let's look at the occurrences of this word group in thePastoral Epistles¹⁹⁵to get a feel for it, for it occurs here much more often than anywhere else inthe New Testament.

1 Timothy 1:9	We also know that law is made ... for lawbreakers and rebels, the ungodly and sinful, the unholy and irreligious....
2:2	Pray... for kings and all those in authority, that we may live peaceful and quiet lives in all godliness and holiness.
2:10	... But with good deeds, appropriate for women who profess to worship God (godliness, KJV, theosebeia).196
3:16	Beyond all question, the mystery of godliness is great.
4:7-8	Have nothing to do with godless myths and old wives' tales; rather, train yourself to be godly. For physical training is of some value, but godliness has value for all things....
6:3, 5-6	If anyone teaches false doctrines and does not agree to the sound instruction of our Lord Jesus Christ and to godly teaching ... who think that godliness is a means to financial gain.But godliness with contentment is great gain.
6:11	But you, man of God, flee from all this, and pursue righteousness, godliness, faith, love, endurance and gentleness.
6:20	Turn away from godless chatter....
2 Timothy 2:16	Avoid godless chatter, because those who indulge in it will become more and more ungodly.
3:5	... Having a form of godliness but denying its power.
3:12	In fact, everyone who wants to live a godly life in Christ Jesus will be persecuted.
Titus 1:1	... And the knowledge of the truth that is in accordance with godliness.
2:12	It teaches us to say 'No' to ungodliness and worldly passions, and to live self-controlled, upright and godly lives in this present age.

Godliness and Lifestyle

The spread of false doctrine at Ephesus is producingungodliness, ungodly behavior, unrighteousness.¹⁹⁷So Paul is very concerned that the Christians in the church at Ephesus arepracticing godliness in their everyday living. He isn't dealing in some kind oftheoretical theology. Rather, he is adamant that healthy doctrine produceshealthy behavior. Unhealthy teaching produces a kind of lifestyle that is onlya 'form of godliness,' a kind of outward religion andreligious belief, but one which lacks its real essence and power (2 Timothy3:5).

Fearing the Lord and Godliness

The idea that best expresses the idea of godliness in thePastoral Epistles is the Old Testament expression, 'to fear the Lord,'which was almost a synonym of 'believer' under the Old Covenant.Someone who fears the Lord does not live in terror of God, but has a healthyrespect for God and seeks in both heart and in action to 'love God'and not be offensive to God.

I have friends who have grown up in the church, who have evengraduated from seminary, but who joke about God and holy things in a way thatdemonstrates a profound disrespect. I did that myself for a while when I wasyoung, until God brought me up short.

Our respect for God shows not only in the way we joke, butby how we live. Godly people live in such a way as to please God. Ungodlypeople don't really consider or care what God thinks about their way of life.Hypocrites lead double lives -- one for others to see, alongside a secret lifethat is unseen -- except by God.

Godliness as an Attitude of Seeking to Please the Lord

Paul exhorts us:

'Therefore, I urge you,brothers, in view of God's mercy, to offer your bodies as living sacrifices,holy and pleasing¹⁹⁸to God -- this is your spiritual act of worship. ² Do not conformany longer to the pattern of this world, but be transformed by the renewing ofyour mind. Then you will be able to test and approve what God's will is -- hisgood, pleasing and perfect will.' (Romans 12:1-2)

Godliness has this attitude:

'So we make it our goal to pleasehim, whether we are at home in the body or away from it.' (2 Corinthians5:9)

'Live as children of light ... andfind out what pleases the Lord.' (Ephesians 5:8, 10)

Godliness and Love for God

Godliness is not just avoiding sin in order to escape punishment.It is avoiding things which we know don't please God, because we love him morethan we love sin, more than we love our own way. Godliness fulfills the firstgreat commandment:

'Love the Lord your Godwith all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind and with allyour strength.' (Mark 12:29-30, quoting Deuteronomy 6:4).

This is why godliness can only be the fruit of love for God-- not an outward obedience or legalism, but an inward seeking of God in love.

Examples of Godly Living

What does godliness look like in action? Consider in 1Timothy 3 the qualities one is to look for in an overseer or deacon.

'Now the overseer must be abovereproach, the husband of but one wife, temperate, self-controlled, respectable,hospitable, able to teach, not given to drunkenness, not violent butgentle, not quarrelsome, not a lover of money....' (1 Timothy 3:2-3)

'Deacons, likewise, are to bemen worthy of respect, sincere, not indulging in much wine, and not pursuingdishonest gain....' (1 Timothy 3:8)

What are the qualities of a godly life? The spiritual fruit thatcomes from a pattern of yielding again and again to the Holy Spirit within us.

'The fruit of the Spirit islove, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness andself-control. Against such things there is no law.' (Galatians 5:22-23)

Godliness comes from seeking to please God, from submitting asa way of life to the gentle leading of the Holy Spirit, as well as to hisoccasional rebuke.

Godliness, Training, and Discipleship

Do we sometimes fall short of these qualities? Oh, yes! But when we do, we repent, ask forgiveness, and get up to follow our Lord onceagain, washed in the forgiveness of God (1 John 1:7, 9).

And so we come back to Paul's teaching to Timothy aboutwalking in the Spirit, using the example of disciplined athletes who seethemselves in training:

'Train yourself to be godly.For physical training is of some value, but godliness has value for allthings, holding promise for both the present life and the life to come.'(1 Timothy 4:7-8)

Are you a top spiritual athlete? Not yet, perhaps, butyou are a disciple in training, learning how to love and please God.

Q3. (1 Timothy 4:7-8) How would you define 'godliness'? What produces godliness in a person? How is godliness different from embracing a strict morality? http://www.joyfulheart.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=846

The Savior of All Who Believe (4:9-10)

At this point in the letter Paul mentions another'trustworthy saying':

'⁹ This is atrustworthy saying that deserves full acceptance ¹⁰ (and for this welabor and strive), that we have put our hope in the living God, who is theSavior of all men, and especially of those who believe.' (4:9-10)

The question, however, is: What is the 'trustworthysaying'? Probably the saying itself is the second part of verse 8:

'... Godliness has value for allthings, holding promise for both the present life and the life to come. This isa trustworthy saying....' (4:8b-9a)

What does Paul labor and strive for? (4:10) The promise oflife found in godliness (4:8b). That is the focus of his life and ministry.This isn't working to gain salvation, but working to point everyone to life inChrist.

Why do we hope in the living God? Because he is the Saviorof all! He is the Rescuer! Then Paul adds the phrase, 'especially¹⁹⁹of those who believe' (4:10b) to clarify that, while the scope ofsalvation is universal, Paul isn't advocating universalism -- the doctrine thatall will be saved regardless of their faith.

Pursue Godliness (4:11-16)

The final verses of chapter 4 contain a series ofexhortations to Timothy about how he should conduct his ministry in Ephesus.

Things 3 8 4 6 Rs Stkd 8 Ft Panel

'¹¹ Command and teachthese things. ¹² Don't let anyone look down on you because you areyoung, but set an example for the believers in speech, in life, in love, infaith and in purity. ¹³ Until I come, devote yourself to the publicreading of Scripture, to preaching and to teaching. ¹⁴ Do not neglectyour gift, which was given you through a prophetic message when the body of elderslaid their hands on you.'

'¹⁵ Be diligent inthese matters; give yourself wholly to them, so that everyone may see yourprogress. ¹⁶ Watch your life and doctrine closely. Persevere inthem, because if you do, you will save both yourself and your hearers.'(4:11-16)

For Timothy, who tended to be a bit timid and perhapswithdrawn, these are a bracing series of eight positive and negative commands:

1. Command²⁰⁰ and teach these things (4:11).
2. Don't let people discount²⁰¹ you because of your youth (4:12a).
3. Set an example²⁰² for the believers, especially in moral purity²⁰³ (4:12b).
4. Devote²⁰⁴yourself to public Scripture reading, preaching,²⁰⁵ and teaching (4:13).
5. Don't neglect²⁰⁶ your spiritual gift (4:14).
6. Be diligent;²⁰⁷ give yourself wholly to these things (4:15).
7. Watch²⁰⁸ your lifestyle²⁰⁹ and doctrine carefully (4:16a).
8. Persevere,²¹⁰ persist in this path without wavering (4:16b).

I'd like to conclude this chapter by highlighting some ofthese commands.

The Power of Example (4:12b)

'Set an example for thebelievers in speech, in life, in love, in faith and in purity.' (4:12b)

If it is godliness that we leaders are trying to teach, wecannot do it just with words. People learn to do what they see in action.Therefore, people must see practical, godly living demonstrated in the lives oftheir leaders.

If one of the losses of our time is in godliness, thenregaining it begins with you and with me.

Q4. (1 Timothy 4:12b) Rigid, unsmiling orthodoxy can teach right doctrine, but cannot produce godliness. Why not? Why is a strong example of godliness in church leaders essential to a healthy church? http://www.joyfulheart.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=847

The Power of Perseverance (4:13-16)

In Paul's exhortation, three commands seem to be nearlysynonymous. The effect of them, one upon another, is powerful!

• Devote yourself (4:13)
• Be diligent (4:15)
• Persevere (4:16b)

In the face of huge and seemingly intractable obstacles wemay feel overwhelmed -- and just give up. Oh, we go through the motions,perhaps, but our heart is no longer in it. Paul's letters to Timothy aredesigned to re-fire his heart for the task, to induce him to fan again theflame of his spiritual gifts (2 Timothy 1:6). In God's mercy these letters aredesigned to have the same effect in your heart and mine.

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Are you tired? Have you become weary? The voice of theSpirit through our brother Paul is calling us afresh to strengthen our feeblearms and weak knees (Hebrews 12:12). And to give ourselves wholly -- afresh andanew. Let me share two Scriptures that have strengthened me when I've beendiscouraged:

'Let us not become weary indoing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not giveup.' (Galatians 6:10, NIV)

'Therefore, my beloved, besteadfast, immovable, always excelling in the work of the Lord, because youknow that in the Lord your labor is not in vain.' (1 Corinthians 15:58,NRSV)

Prayer

Father, I pray for my brothers and sisters who are studyingwith me. Many are discouraged. Please work by your Holy Spirit to renew and refreshtheir spirits with your power; renew their faith and vision with your anointing.And work godliness in us all and in all we influence on your behalf. InChrist's name we pray. Amen.

Key Verses

'For everything God created isgood, and nothing is to be rejected if it is received with thanksgiving, becauseit is consecrated by the word of God and prayer.' (1 Timothy 4:4-5)

'Train yourself to be godly. Forphysical training is of some value, but godliness has value for all things,holding promise for both the present life and the life to come.' (1Timothy 4:7b-8)

'We have put our hope in theliving God, who is the Savior of all men, and especially of those who believe.'(1 Timothy 4:10)

'Devote yourself to the publicreading of Scripture, to preaching and to teaching.' (1 Timothy 4:13)

'Watch your life and doctrineclosely. Persevere in them, because if you do, you will save both yourself andyour hearers.' (1 Timothy 4:16)

References

177. Skandalizō, 'to cause to brought to a downfall, cause to sin... fall away' (BDAG 926, 1a).

Things 3 8 4 68 Youtube

179. 'Order to abstain' (NIV), 'demand abstinence' (NRSV) is apechō,'to avoid contact with or use of something, keep away, abstain, refrainfrom' (BDAG 103, 5), used in Acts 15:20, 29, to instruct Gentile churchesto abstain from food offered to idols, blood, things strangled, and sexualimmorality.

180. Hagiazō, 'set aside something or make it suitable for ritualpurposes, consecrate, dedicate' (BDAG 9, 1).

181. 'Thanksgiving' is eucharistia, 'the expression or contentof gratitude, the rendering of thanks, thanksgiving' (BDAG 416, 2).

182. 'Point out' (NIV), 'put these instructions before' (NRSV),'put in remembrance of' (KJV) is hypotithēmi, 'toprovide instruction, make known, teach something to someone.' Thelexicographers suggest that 'this sense appears to fit the context betterthan 'suggest' or 'point out something to someone' (BDAG 1042, 2).

183. 'Minister' (NIV, KJV), 'servant' (NRSV), is diakonos,'one who serves as an intermediary in a transaction, agent, intermediary,courier' (BDAG 230, 1).

184. 'Godless' is bebēlos, 'pertaining to beingaccessible to everyone and therefore devoid of real significance, pointless,worthless' (BDAG 173, 1).

186. 'Old wives' is graōdēs, 'characteristic of anelderly woman' (BDAG 207).

187. 'Have nothing to do with' (NIV, NRSV), 'refuse' (KJV) is paraiteomai,'reject, avoid' (BDAG 764, 2bβ).

188. Paul often uses examples from athletics (Acts 20:24; 1 Corinthians 9:24-27;Galatians 2:2; 5:7; 2 Timothy 2:5; 4:7; see also Hebrews 12:1).

190. 'Value/valuable' (NIV, NRSV), 'profiteth/profitable' (KJV)is ōphelimos, 'useful, beneficial, advantageous' (BDAG110).

191. Werner Forester, sebomai, ktl., TDNT 7:168-196, especially p. 169.Walther Günther, 'Godliness, Piety,' NIDNTT 2:90-95.

193. The verb is eusebeō, 'be reverent, respectful, devout,'in the New Testament 'to show uncommon reverence or respect, show profoundrespect for someone' (BDAG 413). The adjective is eusebēs,'pertaining to being profoundly reverent or respectful, devout, godly,pious, reverent' (BDAG 413). The adverb is eusebōs, 'in agodly manner' (BDAG 413).

194. The noun asebeia is used 'vertically as a lack of reverence fordeity and hallowed institutions as displayed in sacrilegious words and deeds: impiety.'The verb asebeō means 'to violate the norms of a proper orprofessed relation to deity, act impiously.' The adjective asebēsmeans, 'pertaining to violating norms for a proper relation to deity, irreverent,impious, ungodly' (BDAG 141).

195. Eusebia and related words are used elsewhere in the New Testament atActs 3:12; 10:2, 7; 2 Peter 1:3, 6-7, 9.

196. 'Worship' (NIV), 'reverence' (NRSV), 'godliness'(KJV) is theosebeia, 'reverence for God or set of beliefs andpractices relating to interest in God, piety, godliness' (BDAG 452). Eusebeiasuggests an abundance of awe, while theosebeia suggests awe towards Godin particular.

197. Forester observes that eusebeia is 'right conduct towards thegods,' to be distinguished from dikaiosunē,'righteousness' (which is coupled with 'godliness' in 1Timothy 6:11) as 'right conduct towards one's neighbor.' Sophrosunēor egkrateia are seen as right conduct towards oneself (WernerForester, sebomai, ktl., TDNT 7:176).

198. 'Pleasing/please' in these passages is euarestos, 'pleasing,acceptable,' in the Greco-Roman world commonly said of things andespecially of persons noted for their civic-minded generosity and who endeavor todo things that are pleasing (BDAG 403).

199. 'Especially' is malista, 'to an unusual degree, most ofall, above all, especially, particularly, (very) greatly' (BDAG 613, 1).

200. 'Command' (NIV) is parangellō, 'to make anannouncement about something that must be done, give orders, command, instruct,direct' (BDAG 760).

201. 'Look down on' (NIV), 'despise' (NRSV, KJV) is kataphroneō,'to look down on someone or something with contempt or aversion, withimplication that one considers the object of little value, look down on,despise, scorn, treat with contempt' (BDAG 529, 1).

202. 'Example' is typos, 'an archetype serving as a model,type, pattern, model,' in the moral life, 'example, pattern'(BDAG 1020, 6b).

203. 'Purity' is hagneia, 'the quality of moral purity,purity, specifically chastity' (BDAG 12).

204. 'Devote yourself to' (NIV), 'give attention to' (NRSV),'give attendance to' (KJV) is prosechō, 'to continuein close attention to something, occupy oneself with, devote or apply oneselfto' (BDAG 880, 3).

205. 'Preaching' (NIV), 'exhortation' (KJV, cf. NRSV) is paraklēsis,'act of emboldening another in belief or course of action, encouragement,exhortation' (BDAG 766, 1).

206. 'Neglect' is ameleō, 'to have no care for, toneglect, be unconcerned about someone or something' (BDAG 52).

207. 'Be diligent' (NIV), 'put into practice' (NRSV), 'meditateupon' (KJV) is meletaō, 'to improve by care or study,practice, cultivate, take pains with' (BDAG 627, 2).

208. 'Watch' (NIV), 'pay close attention to' (NRSV), 'takeheed unto' (KJV) is epechō, 'to be mindful or especiallyobservant, hold toward, aim at' ... 'take pains with yourself'(BDAG 362, 2).

209. 'Life' (NIV), 'conduct' (NRSV), 'conversation'(KJV) is anastrophē, 'conduct expressed according to certainprinciples, way of life, conduct, behavior' (BDAG 73).

210. 'Persevere' (NIV), 'continue in' (NRSV, KJV) is epimenō,'to continue in an activity or state, continue, persist (in),persevere' (BDAG 375, 2).

Copyright © 2020, Ralph F. Wilson. All rights reserved. A single copy of this article is free. Do not put this on a website. See legal, copyright, and reprint information.

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This is the list of the 802 isomers of tridecane, with their IUPAC names.

Straight Chain[edit]

With dodecane backbone[edit]

• 3-Methyldodecane
• 4-Methyldodecane
• 5-Methyldodecane
• 6-Methyldodecane

Things 3 8 4 6 Equals

With undecane backbone[edit]

Dimethyl[edit]

2,2-Dimethylundecane 2,3-Dimethylundecane 2,4-Dimethylundecane 2,5-Dimethylundecane 2,6-Dimethylundecane 2,7-Dimethylundecane 2,8-Dimethylundecane 2,9-Dimethylundecane 2,10-Dimethylundecane

3,3-Dimethylundecane 3,4-Dimethylundecane 3,5-Dimethylundecane 3,6-Dimethylundecane 3,7-Dimethylundecane 3,8-Dimethylundecane 3,9-Dimethylundecane 4,4-Dimethylundecane 4,5-Dimethylundecane

4,6-Dimethylundecane 4,7-Dimethylundecane 4,8-Dimethylundecane 5,5-Dimethylundecane 5,6-Dimethylundecane 5,7-Dimethylundecane 6,6-Dimethylundecane

Ethyl[edit]

• 3-Ethylundecane
• 4-Ethylundecane
• 5-Ethylundecane
• 6-Ethylundecane

With decane backbone[edit]

Trimethyl[edit]

2,2,3-Trimethyldecane 2,2,4-Trimethyldecane 2,2,5-Trimethyldecane 2,2,6-Trimethyldecane 2,2,7-Trimethyldecane 2,2,8-Trimethyldecane 2,2,9-Trimethyldecane 2,3,3-Trimethyldecane 2,3,4-Trimethyldecane 2,3,5-Trimethyldecane 2,3,6-Trimethyldecane 2,3,7-Trimethyldecane 2,3,8-Trimethyldecane 2,3,9-Trimethyldecane 2,4,4-Trimethyldecane 2,4,5-Trimethyldecane 2,4,6-Trimethyldecane 2,4,7-Trimethyldecane 2,4,8-Trimethyldecane

2,4,9-Trimethyldecane 2,5,5-Trimethyldecane 2,5,6-Trimethyldecane 2,5,7-Trimethyldecane 2,5,8-Trimethyldecane 2,5,9-Trimethyldecane 2,6,6-Trimethyldecane 2,6,7-Trimethyldecane 2,6,8-Trimethyldecane 2,7,7-Trimethyldecane 2,7,8-Trimethyldecane 2,8,8-Trimethyldecane 3,3,4-Trimethyldecane 3,3,5-Trimethyldecane 3,3,6-Trimethyldecane 3,3,7-Trimethyldecane 3,3,8-Trimethyldecane 3,4,4-Trimethyldecane 3,4,5-Trimethyldecane

3,4,6-Trimethyldecane 3,4,7-Trimethyldecane 3,4,8-Trimethyldecane 3,5,5-Trimethyldecane 3,5,6-Trimethyldecane 3,5,7-Trimethyldecane 3,5,8-Trimethyldecane 3,6,6-Trimethyldecane 3,6,7-Trimethyldecane 3,7,7-Trimethyldecane 4,4,5-Trimethyldecane 4,4,6-Trimethyldecane 4,4,7-Trimethyldecane 4,5,5-Trimethyldecane 4,5,6-Trimethyldecane 4,5,7-Trimethyldecane 4,6,6-Trimethyldecane 5,5,6-Trimethyldecane

Ethyl+Methyl[edit]

3-Ethyl-2-methyldecane 3-Ethyl-3-methyldecane 3-Ethyl-4-methyldecane 3-Ethyl-5-methyldecane 3-Ethyl-6-methyldecane 3-Ethyl-7-methyldecane 3-Ethyl-8-methyldecane 4-Ethyl-2-methyldecane

4-Ethyl-3-methyldecane 4-Ethyl-4-methyldecane 4-Ethyl-5-methyldecane 4-Ethyl-6-methyldecane 4-Ethyl-7-methyldecane 5-Ethyl-2-methyldecane 5-Ethyl-3-methyldecane 5-Ethyl-4-methyldecane

5-Ethyl-5-methyldecane 5-Ethyl-6-methyldecane 6-Ethyl-2-methyldecane 6-Ethyl-3-methyldecane 6-Ethyl-4-methyldecane 7-Ethyl-2-methyldecane 7-Ethyl-3-methyldecane 8-Ethyl-2-methyldecane

Propyl[edit]

• 4-Propyldecane
• 5-Propyldecane
• 4-(1-Methylethyl)decane
• 5-(1-Methylethyl)decane

With nonane backbone[edit]

Tetramethyl[edit]

2,2,3,3-Tetramethylnonane 2,2,3,4-Tetramethylnonane 2,2,3,5-Tetramethylnonane 2,2,3,6-Tetramethylnonane 2,2,3,7-Tetramethylnonane 2,2,3,8-Tetramethylnonane 2,2,4,4-Tetramethylnonane 2,2,4,5-Tetramethylnonane 2,2,4,6-Tetramethylnonane 2,2,4,7-Tetramethylnonane 2,2,4,8-Tetramethylnonane 2,2,5,5-Tetramethylnonane 2,2,5,6-Tetramethylnonane 2,2,5,7-Tetramethylnonane 2,2,5,8-Tetramethylnonane 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylnonane 2,2,6,7-Tetramethylnonane 2,2,6,8-Tetramethylnonane 2,2,7,7-Tetramethylnonane 2,2,7,8-Tetramethylnonane 2,2,8,8-Tetramethylnonane 2,3,3,4-Tetramethylnonane 2,3,3,5-Tetramethylnonane 2,3,3,6-Tetramethylnonane 2,3,3,7-Tetramethylnonane 2,3,3,8-Tetramethylnonane 2,3,4,4-Tetramethylnonane 2,3,4,5-Tetramethylnonane 2,3,4,6-Tetramethylnonane

2,3,4,7-Tetramethylnonane 2,3,4,8-Tetramethylnonane 2,3,5,5-Tetramethylnonane 2,3,5,6-Tetramethylnonane 2,3,5,7-Tetramethylnonane 2,3,5,8-Tetramethylnonane 2,3,6,6-Tetramethylnonane 2,3,6,7-Tetramethylnonane 2,3,6,8-Tetramethylnonane 2,3,7,7-Tetramethylnonane 2,3,7,8-Tetramethylnonane 2,4,4,5-Tetramethylnonane 2,4,4,6-Tetramethylnonane 2,4,4,7-Tetramethylnonane 2,4,4,8-Tetramethylnonane 2,4,5,5-Tetramethylnonane 2,4,5,6-Tetramethylnonane 2,4,5,7-Tetramethylnonane 2,4,5,8-Tetramethylnonane 2,4,6,6-Tetramethylnonane 2,4,6,7-Tetramethylnonane 2,4,6,8-Tetramethylnonane 2,4,7,7-Tetramethylnonane 2,5,5,6-Tetramethylnonane 2,5,5,7-Tetramethylnonane 2,5,5,8-Tetramethylnonane 2,5,6,6-Tetramethylnonane 2,5,6,7-Tetramethylnonane 2,5,7,7-Tetramethylnonane

2,6,6,7-Tetramethylnonane 2,6,7,7-Tetramethylnonane 3,3,4,4-Tetramethylnonane 3,3,4,5-Tetramethylnonane 3,3,4,6-Tetramethylnonane 3,3,4,7-Tetramethylnonane 3,3,5,5-Tetramethylnonane 3,3,5,6-Tetramethylnonane 3,3,5,7-Tetramethylnonane 3,3,6,6-Tetramethylnonane 3,3,6,7-Tetramethylnonane 3,3,7,7-Tetramethylnonane 3,4,4,5-Tetramethylnonane 3,4,4,6-Tetramethylnonane 3,4,4,7-Tetramethylnonane 3,4,5,5-Tetramethylnonane 3,4,5,6-Tetramethylnonane 3,4,5,7-Tetramethylnonane 3,4,6,6-Tetramethylnonane 3,4,6,7-Tetramethylnonane 3,5,5,6-Tetramethylnonane 3,5,5,7-Tetramethylnonane 3,5,6,6-Tetramethylnonane 4,4,5,5-Tetramethylnonane 4,4,5,6-Tetramethylnonane 4,4,6,6-Tetramethylnonane 4,5,5,6-Tetramethylnonane

Ethyl+Dimethyl[edit]

3-Ethyl-2,2-dimethylnonane 3-Ethyl-2,3-dimethylnonane 3-Ethyl-2,4-dimethylnonane 3-Ethyl-2,5-dimethylnonane 3-Ethyl-2,6-dimethylnonane 3-Ethyl-2,7-dimethylnonane 3-Ethyl-2,8-dimethylnonane 3-Ethyl-3,4-dimethylnonane 3-Ethyl-3,5-dimethylnonane 3-Ethyl-3,6-dimethylnonane 3-Ethyl-3,7-dimethylnonane 3-Ethyl-4,4-dimethylnonane 3-Ethyl-4,5-dimethylnonane 3-Ethyl-4,6-dimethylnonane 3-Ethyl-4,7-dimethylnonane 3-Ethyl-5,5-dimethylnonane 3-Ethyl-5,6-dimethylnonane 3-Ethyl-5,7-dimethylnonane 3-Ethyl-6,6-dimethylnonane 4-Ethyl-2,2-dimethylnonane 4-Ethyl-2,3-dimethylnonane 4-Ethyl-2,4-dimethylnonane 4-Ethyl-2,5-dimethylnonane

4-Ethyl-2,6-dimethylnonane 4-Ethyl-2,7-dimethylnonane 4-Ethyl-2,8-dimethylnonane 4-Ethyl-3,3-dimethylnonane 4-Ethyl-3,4-dimethylnonane 4-Ethyl-3,5-dimethylnonane 4-Ethyl-3,6-dimethylnonane 4-Ethyl-3,7-dimethylnonane 4-Ethyl-4,5-dimethylnonane 4-Ethyl-4,6-dimethylnonane 4-Ethyl-5,5-dimethylnonane 4-Ethyl-5,6-dimethylnonane 5-Ethyl-2,2-dimethylnonane 5-Ethyl-2,3-dimethylnonane 5-Ethyl-2,4-dimethylnonane 5-Ethyl-2,5-dimethylnonane 5-Ethyl-2,6-dimethylnonane 5-Ethyl-2,7-dimethylnonane 5-Ethyl-2,8-dimethylnonane 5-Ethyl-3,3-dimethylnonane 5-Ethyl-3,4-dimethylnonane 5-Ethyl-3,5-dimethylnonane 5-Ethyl-3,6-dimethylnonane

5-Ethyl-3,7-dimethylnonane 5-Ethyl-4,4-dimethylnonane 5-Ethyl-4,5-dimethylnonane 5-Ethyl-4,6-dimethylnonane 6-Ethyl-2,2-dimethylnonane 6-Ethyl-2,3-dimethylnonane 6-Ethyl-2,4-dimethylnonane 6-Ethyl-2,5-dimethylnonane 6-Ethyl-2,6-dimethylnonane 6-Ethyl-2,7-dimethylnonane 6-Ethyl-3,3-dimethylnonane 6-Ethyl-3,4-dimethylnonane 6-Ethyl-3,5-dimethylnonane 6-Ethyl-3,6-dimethylnonane 6-Ethyl-4,4-dimethylnonane 7-Ethyl-2,2-dimethylnonane 7-Ethyl-2,3-dimethylnonane 7-Ethyl-2,4-dimethylnonane 7-Ethyl-2,5-dimethylnonane 7-Ethyl-2,6-dimethylnonane 7-Ethyl-2,7-dimethylnonane 7-Ethyl-3,3-dimethylnonane 7-Ethyl-3,4-dimethylnonane

Diethyl[edit]

3,3-Diethylnonane 3,4-Diethylnonane 3,5-Diethylnonane

3,6-Diethylnonane 3,7-Diethylnonane 4,4-Diethylnonane

4,5-Diethylnonane 4,6-Diethylnonane 5,5-Diethylnonane

Things 3 8 4 64

Methyl+Propyl[edit]

2-Methyl-4-propylnonane 3-Methyl-4-propylnonane 4-Methyl-4-propylnonane 5-Methyl-4-propylnonane 6-Methyl-4-propylnonane 2-Methyl-5-propylnonane 3-Methyl-5-propylnonane 4-Methyl-5-propylnonane

5-Methyl-5-propylnonane 2-Methyl-6-propylnonane 3-Methyl-6-propylnonane 2-Methyl-3-(1-methylethyl)nonane 2-Methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)nonane 3-Methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)nonane 4-Methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)nonane 5-Methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)nonane

6-Methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)nonane 2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)nonane 3-Methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)nonane 4-Methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)nonane 5-Methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)nonane 2-Methyl-6-(1-methylethyl)nonane 3-Methyl-6-(1-methylethyl)nonane

Butyl[edit]

• 5-Butylnonane
• 5-(1-Methylpropyl)nonane (or 5-sec-Butylnonane)
• 5-(2-Methylpropyl)nonane (or 5-Isobutylnonane)
• 4-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)nonane (or 4-tert-Butylnonane)
• 5-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)nonane (or 5-tert-Butylnonane)

With octane backbone[edit]

Pentamethyl[edit]

2,2,3,3,4-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,3,3,5-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,3,3,6-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,3,3,7-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,3,4,4-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,3,4,5-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,3,4,6-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,3,4,7-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,3,5,5-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,3,5,6-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,3,5,7-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,3,6,6-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,3,6,7-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,3,7,7-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,4,4,5-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,4,4,6-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,4,4,7-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,4,5,5-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,4,5,6-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,4,5,7-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,4,6,6-Pentamethyloctane

2,2,4,6,7-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,4,7,7-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,5,5,6-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,5,5,7-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,5,6,6-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,5,6,7-Pentamethyloctane 2,2,6,6,7-Pentamethyloctane 2,3,3,4,4-Pentamethyloctane 2,3,3,4,5-Pentamethyloctane 2,3,3,4,6-Pentamethyloctane 2,3,3,4,7-Pentamethyloctane 2,3,3,5,5-Pentamethyloctane 2,3,3,5,6-Pentamethyloctane 2,3,3,5,7-Pentamethyloctane 2,3,3,6,6-Pentamethyloctane 2,3,3,6,7-Pentamethyloctane 2,3,4,4,5-Pentamethyloctane 2,3,4,4,6-Pentamethyloctane 2,3,4,4,7-Pentamethyloctane 2,3,4,5,5-Pentamethyloctane 2,3,4,5,6-Pentamethyloctane

2,3,4,5,7-Pentamethyloctane 2,3,4,6,6-Pentamethyloctane 2,3,4,6,7-Pentamethyloctane 2,3,5,5,6-Pentamethyloctane 2,3,5,5,7-Pentamethyloctane 2,3,5,6,6-Pentamethyloctane 2,4,4,5,5-Pentamethyloctane 2,4,4,5,6-Pentamethyloctane 2,4,4,5,7-Pentamethyloctane 2,4,4,6,6-Pentamethyloctane 2,4,5,5,6-Pentamethyloctane 2,4,5,6,6-Pentamethyloctane 2,5,5,6,6-Pentamethyloctane 3,3,4,4,5-Pentamethyloctane 3,3,4,4,6-Pentamethyloctane 3,3,4,5,5-Pentamethyloctane 3,3,4,5,6-Pentamethyloctane 3,3,4,6,6-Pentamethyloctane 3,3,5,5,6-Pentamethyloctane 3,4,4,5,5-Pentamethyloctane 3,4,4,5,6-Pentamethyloctane

Ethyl+Trimethyl[edit]

3-Ethyl-2,2,3-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-2,2,4-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-2,2,5-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-2,2,6-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-2,2,7-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-2,3,4-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-2,3,5-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-2,3,6-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-2,3,7-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-2,4,4-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-2,4,5-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-2,4,6-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-2,4,7-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-2,5,5-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-2,5,6-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-2,5,7-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-2,6,6-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-2,6,7-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-3,4,4-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-3,4,5-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-3,4,6-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-3,5,5-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-3,5,6-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-3,6,6-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-4,4,5-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-4,4,6-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-4,5,5-trimethyloctane 3-Ethyl-4,5,6-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-2,2,3-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-2,2,4-trimethyloctane

4-Ethyl-2,2,5-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-2,2,6-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-2,2,7-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-2,3,3-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-2,3,4-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-2,3,5-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-2,3,6-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-2,3,7-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-2,4,5-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-2,4,6-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-2,4,7-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-2,5,5-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-2,5,6-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-2,5,7-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-2,6,6-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-3,3,4-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-3,3,5-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-3,3,6-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-3,4,5-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-3,4,6-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-3,5,5-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-3,5,6-trimethyloctane 4-Ethyl-4,5,5-trimethyloctane 5-Ethyl-2,2,3-trimethyloctane 5-Ethyl-2,2,4-trimethyloctane 5-Ethyl-2,2,5-trimethyloctane 5-Ethyl-2,2,6-trimethyloctane 5-Ethyl-2,2,7-trimethyloctane 5-Ethyl-2,3,3-trimethyloctane 5-Ethyl-2,3,4-trimethyloctane

5-Ethyl-2,3,5-trimethyloctane 5-Ethyl-2,3,6-trimethyloctane 5-Ethyl-2,3,7-trimethyloctane 5-Ethyl-2,4,4-trimethyloctane 5-Ethyl-2,4,5-trimethyloctane 5-Ethyl-2,4,6-trimethyloctane 5-Ethyl-2,5,6-trimethyloctane 5-Ethyl-2,6,6-trimethyloctane 5-Ethyl-3,3,4-trimethyloctane 5-Ethyl-3,3,5-trimethyloctane 5-Ethyl-3,3,6-trimethyloctane 5-Ethyl-3,4,4-trimethyloctane 5-Ethyl-3,4,5-trimethyloctane 6-Ethyl-2,2,3-trimethyloctane 6-Ethyl-2,2,4-trimethyloctane 6-Ethyl-2,2,5-trimethyloctane 6-Ethyl-2,2,6-trimethyloctane 6-Ethyl-2,2,7-trimethyloctane 6-Ethyl-2,3,3-trimethyloctane 6-Ethyl-2,3,4-trimethyloctane 6-Ethyl-2,3,5-trimethyloctane 6-Ethyl-2,3,6-trimethyloctane 6-Ethyl-2,4,4-trimethyloctane 6-Ethyl-2,4,5-trimethyloctane 6-Ethyl-2,4,6-trimethyloctane 6-Ethyl-2,5,5-trimethyloctane 6-Ethyl-2,5,6-trimethyloctane 6-Ethyl-3,3,4-trimethyloctane 6-Ethyl-3,3,5-trimethyloctane 6-Ethyl-3,4,4-trimethyloctane

Diethyl+Methyl[edit]

3,3-Diethyl-2-methyloctane 3,3-Diethyl-4-methyloctane 3,3-Diethyl-5-methyloctane 3,3-Diethyl-6-methyloctane 3,4-Diethyl-2-methyloctane 3,4-Diethyl-3-methyloctane 3,4-Diethyl-4-methyloctane 3,4-Diethyl-5-methyloctane 3,4-Diethyl-6-methyloctane 3,5-Diethyl-2-methyloctane

3,5-Diethyl-3-methyloctane 3,5-Diethyl-4-methyloctane 3,5-Diethyl-5-methyloctane 3,6-Diethyl-2-methyloctane 3,6-Diethyl-3-methyloctane 3,6-Diethyl-4-methyloctane 4,4-Diethyl-2-methyloctane 4,4-Diethyl-3-methyloctane 4,4-Diethyl-5-methyloctane 4,5-Diethyl-2-methyloctane

4,5-Diethyl-3-methyloctane 4,5-Diethyl-4-methyloctane 4,6-Diethyl-2-methyloctane 4,6-Diethyl-3-methyloctane 5,5-Diethyl-2-methyloctane 5,5-Diethyl-3-methyloctane 5,6-Diethyl-2-methyloctane 6,6-Diethyl-2-methyloctane

Dimethyl+Propyl[edit]

2,2-Dimethyl-4-propyloctane 2,3-Dimethyl-4-propyloctane 2,4-Dimethyl-4-propyloctane 2,5-Dimethyl-4-propyloctane 2,6-Dimethyl-4-propyloctane 2,7-Dimethyl-4-propyloctane 3,3-Dimethyl-4-propyloctane 3,4-Dimethyl-4-propyloctane 3,5-Dimethyl-4-propyloctane 3,6-Dimethyl-4-propyloctane 4,5-Dimethyl-4-propyloctane 2,2-Dimethyl-5-propyloctane 2,3-Dimethyl-5-propyloctane 2,4-Dimethyl-5-propyloctane 2,5-Dimethyl-5-propyloctane 2,6-Dimethyl-5-propyloctane

3,3-Dimethyl-5-propyloctane 3,4-Dimethyl-5-propyloctane 3,5-Dimethyl-5-propyloctane 4,4-Dimethyl-5-propyloctane 2,2-Dimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)octane 2,3-Dimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)octane 2,4-Dimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)octane 2,5-Dimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)octane 2,6-Dimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)octane 2,7-Dimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)octane 2,2-Dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)octane 2,3-Dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)octane 2,4-Dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)octane 2,5-Dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)octane 2,6-Dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)octane 2,7-Dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)octane

3,3-Dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)octane 3,4-Dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)octane 3,5-Dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)octane 3,6-Dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)octane 4,5-Dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)octane 2,2-Dimethyl-5-(1-methylethyl)octane 2,3-Dimethyl-5-(1-methylethyl)octane 2,4-Dimethyl-5-(1-methylethyl)octane 2,5-Dimethyl-5-(1-methylethyl)octane 2,6-Dimethyl-5-(1-methylethyl)octane 3,3-Dimethyl-5-(1-methylethyl)octane 3,4-Dimethyl-5-(1-methylethyl)octane 3,5-Dimethyl-5-(1-methylethyl)octane 4,4-Dimethyl-5-(1-methylethyl)octane

Ethyl+Propyl[edit]

3-Ethyl-4-propyloctane 4-Ethyl-4-propyloctane 4-Ethyl-5-propyloctane 3-Ethyl-5-propyloctane

3-Ethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)octane 4-Ethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)octane 4-Ethyl-5-(1-methylethyl)octane 3-Ethyl-5-(1-methylethyl)octane

Butyl+Methyl[edit]

2-Methyl-4-(1-methylpropyl)octane 3-Methyl-4-(1-methylpropyl)octane 2-Methyl-4-(2-methylpropyl)octane

4-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-2-methyloctane 4-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-3-methyloctane 4-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-4-methyloctane

4-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-5-methyloctane 5-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-2-methyloctane 5-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-3-methyloctane

With heptane backbone[edit]

Hexamethyl[edit]

2,2,3,3,4,4-Hexamethylheptane 2,2,3,3,4,5-Hexamethylheptane 2,2,3,3,4,6-Hexamethylheptane 2,2,3,3,5,5-Hexamethylheptane 2,2,3,3,5,6-Hexamethylheptane 2,2,3,3,6,6-Hexamethylheptane 2,2,3,4,4,5-Hexamethylheptane 2,2,3,4,4,6-Hexamethylheptane 2,2,3,4,5,5-Hexamethylheptane

2,2,3,4,5,6-Hexamethylheptane 2,2,3,4,6,6-Hexamethylheptane 2,2,3,5,5,6-Hexamethylheptane 2,2,3,5,6,6-Hexamethylheptane 2,2,4,4,5,5-Hexamethylheptane 2,2,4,4,5,6-Hexamethylheptane 2,2,4,4,6,6-Hexamethylheptane 2,2,4,5,5,6-Hexamethylheptane 2,3,3,4,4,5-Hexamethylheptane

2,3,3,4,4,6-Hexamethylheptane 2,3,3,4,5,5-Hexamethylheptane 2,3,3,4,5,6-Hexamethylheptane 2,3,3,5,5,6-Hexamethylheptane 2,3,4,4,5,5-Hexamethylheptane 2,3,4,4,5,6-Hexamethylheptane 3,3,4,4,5,5-Hexamethylheptane

Ethyl+Tetramethyl[edit]

3-Ethyl-2,2,3,4-tetramethylheptane 3-Ethyl-2,2,3,5-tetramethylheptane 3-Ethyl-2,2,3,6-tetramethylheptane 3-Ethyl-2,2,4,4-tetramethylheptane 3-Ethyl-2,2,4,5-tetramethylheptane 3-Ethyl-2,2,4,6-tetramethylheptane 3-Ethyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylheptane 3-Ethyl-2,2,5,6-tetramethylheptane 3-Ethyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane 3-Ethyl-2,3,4,4-tetramethylheptane 3-Ethyl-2,3,4,5-tetramethylheptane 3-Ethyl-2,3,4,6-tetramethylheptane 3-Ethyl-2,3,5,5-tetramethylheptane 3-Ethyl-2,3,5,6-tetramethylheptane 3-Ethyl-2,4,4,5-tetramethylheptane 3-Ethyl-2,4,4,6-tetramethylheptane 3-Ethyl-2,4,5,5-tetramethylheptane 3-Ethyl-2,4,5,6-tetramethylheptane

3-Ethyl-3,4,4,5-tetramethylheptane 3-Ethyl-3,4,5,5-tetramethylheptane 4-Ethyl-2,2,3,3-tetramethylheptane 4-Ethyl-2,2,3,4-tetramethylheptane 4-Ethyl-2,2,3,5-tetramethylheptane 4-Ethyl-2,2,3,6-tetramethylheptane 4-Ethyl-2,2,4,5-tetramethylheptane 4-Ethyl-2,2,4,6-tetramethylheptane 4-Ethyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylheptane 4-Ethyl-2,2,5,6-tetramethylheptane 4-Ethyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane 4-Ethyl-2,3,3,4-tetramethylheptane 4-Ethyl-2,3,3,5-tetramethylheptane 4-Ethyl-2,3,3,6-tetramethylheptane 4-Ethyl-2,3,4,5-tetramethylheptane 4-Ethyl-2,3,4,6-tetramethylheptane 4-Ethyl-2,3,5,5-tetramethylheptane 4-Ethyl-2,3,5,6-tetramethylheptane

4-Ethyl-2,4,5,5-tetramethylheptane 4-Ethyl-3,3,4,5-tetramethylheptane 4-Ethyl-3,3,5,5-tetramethylheptane 5-Ethyl-2,2,3,3-tetramethylheptane 5-Ethyl-2,2,3,4-tetramethylheptane 5-Ethyl-2,2,3,5-tetramethylheptane 5-Ethyl-2,2,3,6-tetramethylheptane 5-Ethyl-2,2,4,4-tetramethylheptane 5-Ethyl-2,2,4,5-tetramethylheptane 5-Ethyl-2,2,4,6-tetramethylheptane 5-Ethyl-2,2,5,6-tetramethylheptane 5-Ethyl-2,3,3,4-tetramethylheptane 5-Ethyl-2,3,3,5-tetramethylheptane 5-Ethyl-2,3,3,6-tetramethylheptane 5-Ethyl-2,3,4,4-tetramethylheptane 5-Ethyl-2,3,4,5-tetramethylheptane 5-Ethyl-2,4,4,5-tetramethylheptane 5-Ethyl-3,3,4,4-tetramethylheptane

Diethyl+Dimethyl[edit]

3,3-Diethyl-2,2-dimethylheptane 3,3-Diethyl-2,4-dimethylheptane 3,3-Diethyl-2,5-dimethylheptane 3,3-Diethyl-2,6-dimethylheptane 3,3-Diethyl-4,4-dimethylheptane 3,3-Diethyl-4,5-dimethylheptane 3,3-Diethyl-5,5-dimethylheptane 3,4-Diethyl-2,2-dimethylheptane 3,4-Diethyl-2,3-dimethylheptane 3,4-Diethyl-2,4-dimethylheptane 3,4-Diethyl-2,5-dimethylheptane 3,4-Diethyl-2,6-dimethylheptane 3,4-Diethyl-3,4-dimethylheptane

3,4-Diethyl-3,5-dimethylheptane 3,4-Diethyl-4,5-dimethylheptane 3,5-Diethyl-2,2-dimethylheptane 3,5-Diethyl-2,3-dimethylheptane 3,5-Diethyl-2,4-dimethylheptane 3,5-Diethyl-2,5-dimethylheptane 3,5-Diethyl-2,6-dimethylheptane 3,5-Diethyl-3,4-dimethylheptane 3,5-Diethyl-3,5-dimethylheptane 3,5-Diethyl-4,4-dimethylheptane 4,4-Diethyl-2,2-dimethylheptane 4,4-Diethyl-2,3-dimethylheptane 4,4-Diethyl-2,5-dimethylheptane

4,4-Diethyl-2,6-dimethylheptane 4,4-Diethyl-3,3-dimethylheptane 4,4-Diethyl-3,5-dimethylheptane 4,5-Diethyl-2,2-dimethylheptane 4,5-Diethyl-2,3-dimethylheptane 4,5-Diethyl-2,4-dimethylheptane 4,5-Diethyl-2,5-dimethylheptane 4,5-Diethyl-3,3-dimethylheptane 5,5-Diethyl-2,2-dimethylheptane 5,5-Diethyl-2,3-dimethylheptane 5,5-Diethyl-2,4-dimethylheptane

Triethyl[edit]

• 3,3,4-Triethylheptane
• 3,3,5-Triethylheptane
• 3,4,4-Triethylheptane
• 3,4,5-Triethylheptane

Trimethyl+Propyl[edit]

2,2,3-Trimethyl-4-propylheptane 2,2,4-Trimethyl-4-propylheptane 2,2,5-Trimethyl-4-propylheptane 2,2,6-Trimethyl-4-propylheptane 2,3,3-Trimethyl-4-propylheptane 2,3,4-Trimethyl-4-propylheptane 2,3,5-Trimethyl-4-propylheptane 2,3,6-Trimethyl-4-propylheptane 2,4,5-Trimethyl-4-propylheptane 2,4,6-Trimethyl-4-propylheptane 2,5,5-Trimethyl-4-propylheptane 3,3,4-Trimethyl-4-propylheptane 3,3,5-Trimethyl-4-propylheptane 3,4,5-Trimethyl-4-propylheptane

2,2,3-Trimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)heptane 2,2,4-Trimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)heptane 2,2,5-Trimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)heptane 2,2,6-Trimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)heptane 2,3,4-Trimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)heptane 2,3,5-Trimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)heptane 2,3,6-Trimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)heptane 2,4,4-Trimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)heptane 2,4,5-Trimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)heptane 2,4,6-Trimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)heptane 2,5,5-Trimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)heptane 2,5,6-Trimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)heptane 2,2,3-Trimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptane 2,2,4-Trimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptane

2,2,5-Trimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptane 2,2,6-Trimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptane 2,3,3-Trimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptane 2,3,4-Trimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptane 2,3,5-Trimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptane 2,3,6-Trimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptane 2,4,5-Trimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptane 2,4,6-Trimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptane 2,5,5-Trimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptane 3,3,4-Trimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptane 3,3,5-Trimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptane 3,4,5-Trimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptane 2,2,6-Trimethyl-5-(1-methylethyl)heptane

Ethyl+Methyl+Propyl[edit]

3-Ethyl-2-methyl-4-propylheptane 3-Ethyl-3-methyl-4-propylheptane 3-Ethyl-4-methyl-4-propylheptane 3-Ethyl-5-methyl-4-propylheptane 4-Ethyl-2-methyl-4-propylheptane 4-Ethyl-3-methyl-4-propylheptane

5-Ethyl-2-methyl-4-propylheptane 3-Ethyl-2-methyl-3-(1-methylethyl)heptane 4-Ethyl-2-methyl-3-(1-methylethyl)heptane 5-Ethyl-2-methyl-3-(1-methylethyl)heptane 3-Ethyl-2-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptane 3-Ethyl-3-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptane

3-Ethyl-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptane 3-Ethyl-5-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptane 4-Ethyl-2-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptane 4-Ethyl-3-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptane 5-Ethyl-2-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)heptane

Dipropyl[edit]

• 4,4-Dipropylheptane
• 4-(1-Methylethyl)-4-propylheptane
• 4,4-Bis(1-methylethyl)heptane

Dimethyl+Butyl[edit]

2,5-Dimethyl-4-(1-methylpropyl)heptane 2,6-Dimethyl-4-(1-methylpropyl)heptane 3,5-Dimethyl-4-(1-methylpropyl)heptane 2,6-Dimethyl-4-(2-methylpropyl)heptane

3-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-2,2-dimethylheptane 4-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-2,2-dimethylheptane 4-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-2,3-dimethylheptane 4-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-2,4-dimethylheptane 4-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-2,5-dimethylheptane

4-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-2,6-dimethylheptane 4-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-3,3-dimethylheptane 4-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-3,4-dimethylheptane 4-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-3,5-dimethylheptane

Ethyl+Butyl[edit]

• 4-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-3-ethylheptane
• 4-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-4-ethylheptane

With hexane backbone[edit]

Heptamethyl[edit]

• 2,2,3,3,4,4,5-Heptamethylhexane
• 2,2,3,3,4,5,5-Heptamethylhexane

Ethyl+Pentamethyl[edit]

3-Ethyl-2,2,3,4,4-pentamethylhexane 3-Ethyl-2,2,3,4,5-pentamethylhexane 3-Ethyl-2,2,3,5,5-pentamethylhexane

3-Ethyl-2,2,4,4,5-pentamethylhexane 3-Ethyl-2,2,4,5,5-pentamethylhexane 3-Ethyl-2,3,4,4,5-pentamethylhexane

4-Ethyl-2,2,3,3,4-pentamethylhexane 4-Ethyl-2,2,3,3,5-pentamethylhexane 4-Ethyl-2,2,3,4,5-pentamethylhexane

Diethyl+Trimethyl[edit]

3,3-Diethyl-2,2,4-trimethylhexane 3,3-Diethyl-2,2,5-trimethylhexane 3,3-Diethyl-2,4,4-trimethylhexane 3,3-Diethyl-2,4,5-trimethylhexane

3,4-Diethyl-2,2,3-trimethylhexane 3,4-Diethyl-2,2,4-trimethylhexane 3,4-Diethyl-2,2,5-trimethylhexane 3,4-Diethyl-2,3,4-trimethylhexane

3,4-Diethyl-2,3,5-trimethylhexane 4,4-Diethyl-2,2,3-trimethylhexane 4,4-Diethyl-2,2,5-trimethylhexane 4,4-Diethyl-2,3,3-trimethylhexane

Triethyl+Methyl[edit]

• 3,3,4-Triethyl-2-methylhexane
• 3,3,4-Triethyl-4-methylhexane
• 3,4,4-Triethyl-2-methylhexane

Tetramethyl+Propyl[edit]

2,2,3,4-Tetramethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)hexane 2,2,3,5-Tetramethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)hexane 2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)hexane 2,2,4,5-Tetramethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)hexane

2,2,5,5-Tetramethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)hexane 2,3,4,4-Tetramethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)hexane 2,3,4,5-Tetramethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)hexane 2,2,3,5-Tetramethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)hexane

2,2,4,5-Tetramethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)hexane 2,3,3,5-Tetramethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)hexane

Ethyl+Dimethyl+Propyl[edit]

3-Ethyl-2,2-dimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)hexane 3-Ethyl-2,4-dimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)hexane 3-Ethyl-2,5-dimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)hexane

4-Ethyl-2,2-dimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)hexane 4-Ethyl-2,3-dimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)hexane 4-Ethyl-2,4-dimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)hexane

4-Ethyl-2,5-dimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)hexane

Methyl+bis(Propyl)[edit]

• 2-Methyl-3,3-bis(1-methylethyl)hexane

Butyl+Trimethyl[edit]

• 3-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-2,2,3-trimethylhexane
• 3-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-2,2,4-trimethylhexane
• 3-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-2,2,5-trimethylhexane

With pentane backbone[edit]

Diethyl+Tetramethyl[edit]

• 3,3-Diethyl-2,2,4,4-tetramethylpentane

Pentamethyl+Propyl[edit]

• 2,2,3,4,4-Pentamethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)pentane

Ethyl+Trimethyl+Propyl[edit]

• 3-Ethyl-2,2,4-trimethyl-3-(1-methylethyl)pentane

Dimethyl+bis(Propyl)[edit]

• 2,4-Dimethyl-3,3-bis(1-methylethyl)pentane

Butyl+Tetramethyl[edit]

• 3-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-2,2,4,4-tetramethylpentane

References[edit]

'Constitutional Isomers of Alkanes'. Scribd. 23 May 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2015.